Cognitive Disabilities

Cognitive disabilities include a wide spectrum of conditions affecting memory, attention, problem-solving, and comprehension. Designing for cognitive accessibility benefits all users - not just those with diagnosed conditions.

Clear structure

• Use headings to divide content into scannable sections
• Put the most important information first
• Keep paragraphs short - one idea per paragraph
• Use lists for steps, options, and grouped items

Plain language

• Aim for a 6th-8th grade reading level for public-facing content
• Use common words: "use" not "utilize", "show" not "demonstrate"
• Use active voice: "Submit your application" not "Applications must be submitted"
• Keep sentences short - one idea per sentence

Consistency

• Use the same term for the same thing throughout - don't call something a "Contact Form" on one page and "Get in Touch" on another
• Keep navigation in the same location on every page
• Make interactive elements look and behave predictably

Error handling

• Identify errors clearly and specifically: not "Invalid input" but "Please enter a phone number with area code"
• Do not clear form fields on error
• Allow users to review and correct errors before submitting

WCAG criteria